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Introduction: Crohn's disease is a disease whose incidence is increasing. Although joint, skin and ophthalmological involvement remain the most reported extra-digestive manifestations, pulmonary localization is rare. We report a case of Crohn's disease with early pulmonary involvement.
Case report: This was a 24-year-old smoking patient who had consulted for a chart of chest pain in a recent Crohn's disease context. A realized chest CT scan showed pulmonary hypodense, lobulated nodular structures in the left and right lower lobes without mediastinal lymphadenopathy. The left lung nodule biopsied, revealed subacute inflammatory changes with giant cell granuloma and necrosis foci related to the Crohn’s disease after excluding tuberculosis and sarcoidosis. After initiation of anti-TNFα (adalimumab), the evolution was favorable with regression of clinical symptoms and lung lesions but at the cost of a severe psoriasis outbreak that required a change in treatment with ustekimab.
Conclusion: Crohn's disease is young’s subject pathology. Its expression is primarily digestive, but extradigestive manifestations are possible. Among them, pulmonary involvement is rare and is an expression of the severe nature of the disease. This hypothesis must be evoked in front of pulmonary symptoms in a patient followed for Crohn's disease. |